router n1

OSPF is a major problem in the CCNA exam and CCNP, and is also the issue that requires greater attention to detail. When routing protocols dynamic RIP and IGRP have only one type of router, a look at a Cisco routing table shows several types of OSPF routing.

R1 # show ip route

Codes:

C – Connected, S – Static, I – IGRP, R – RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP

D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inter area

N1 – OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 – OSPF NSSA external type 2

E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP

In this tutorial, Let's take a look at the difference between two of these route types, E1 and E2.

Route redistribution is the process of taking routes learned by through a routing protocol and injecting routes into another routing domain. (Static and connected routes can also be redistributed.) When a router running OSPF takes routes learned by another routing protocol and makes available to other OSPF routers is compatible communication with the border router becomes autonomous system routing (ASBR).
We will work with an example where R1 is running both OSPF and RIP. R4 is in the field OSPF as R1 and R4 we want to learn the routes that R1 is learning via RIP. This means that we must perform route redistribution on the ASBR. The routes are redistributed from RIP into OSPF will appear as E2 routes on R4:

R4 # show ip route OSPF

O E2 5.1.1.1 [110/20] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:21, Ethernet0

6.0.0.0/32 is subnets, 1 subnets

O E2 6.1.1.1 [110/20] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:21, Ethernet0

Varies 172.12.0.0/16 subnets, 2 subnets, 2 masks

O E2 172.12.21.0/30 [110/20] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:32,
Ethernet0

O E2 7.1.1.1 [110/20] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:21, Ethernet0

Is 15.0.0.0/24 subnets, 1 subnets

O E2 15.1.1.0 [110/20] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:32, Ethernet0

E2 is the type of default route for the routes learned through redistribution. The key with routes E2 is that the cost of these routes reflects only the cost of the ASBR route to their final destination, the cost of the path from R1 to R4 is not reflected in this cost. (Remember that OSPF metric for a path known as the "cost".)
In this example, we want the cost of roads to reflect the full path, not only the path between the ASBR and the destination network. For this, the roads must be redistributed into OSPF as E1 routes on the ASBR, as shown here.

R1 # conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line. Finish with a CTRL / Z.

R1 (config) # router ospf 1

R1 (config-router) # redistribute subnets metric-type 1 RIP

Now on R4, the routes appear as E1 routes have a metric because the cost of the entire route is now reflected in the routing table.

O E1 5.1.1.1 [110/94] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:21, Ethernet0

6.0.0.0/32 is subnets, 1 subnets

O E1 6.1.1.1 [110/100] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:21, Ethernet0

Varies 172.12.0.0/16 subnets, 2 subnets, 2 masks

O E1 172.12.21.0/30 [110/94] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:32, Ethernet0

O E1 7.1.1.1 [110/94] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:21, Ethernet0

Is 15.0.0.0/24 subnets, 1 subnets

O E1 15.1.1.0 [110/94] via 172.34.34.3, 00:33:32, Ethernet0

Know the difference between E1 and E2 connections is vital for CCNP exam success, and full understanding the output of the routing table of the router. Good luck in your studies!

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